1200–1299(A.D.)World History The Crusades King John (1167–1216) Thomas Aquinas (1225–1274) 1200–1204 Fourth Crusade. 1211 Genghis Khan invades China, captures Peking(1214),conquers Persia(1218),invades Russia(1223),dies(1227). 1212 Children's Crusade. 1215 King John forced by barons to sign Magna Cartaat Runneymede, limiting royal power. 1217 Fifth Crusade. 1228 Sixth Crusade. 1231 The Inquisitionbegins as Pope Gregory IX assigns Dominicans responsibility for combating heresy. Torture used(1252).Ferdinand and Isabella establish Spanish Inquisition(1478).Tourquemada, Grand Inquisitor, forces conversion or expulsion of Spanish Jews(1492).Forced conversion of Moors(1499).Inquisition in Portugal(1531).First Protestants burned at the stake in Spain(1543).Spanish Inquisition abolished(1834). 1241 Mongols defeat Germans in Silesia, invade Poland and Hungary, withdraw from Europe after Ughetai, Mongol leader, dies. 1248 Seventh Crusade. 1251 Kublai Khan governs China, becomes ruler of Mongols(1259),establishes Yuan dynasty in China(1280),invades Burma(1287),dies(1294). 1260 Chartres cathedral consecrated. 1270 Eighth Crusade. 1271 Marco Poloof Venice travels to China, in court of Kublai Khan(1275–1292),returns to Genoa(1295)and writesTravels. 1273 Thomas Aquinasstops work onSumma Theologica,the basis of all Catholic theological teaching; never completes it. 1295 English King Edward I summons the Model Parliament.