British Prime Ministers Since 1770 Find the name, term dates, and political party affiliation of every British Prime Minister from 1770 to the present. NameTerm Lord North(Tory)1770–1782 Marquis of Rockingham(Whig)1782–1782 Earl of Shelburne(Whig)1782–1783 Duke of Portland(Coalition)1783–1783 William Pitt, the Younger(Tory)1783–1801 Henry Addington(Tory)1801–1804 William Pitt, the Younger(Tory)1804–1806 Baron Grenville(Whig)1806–1807 Duke of Portland(Tory)1807–1809 Spencer Perceval(Tory)1809–1812 Earl of Liverpool(Tory)1812–1827 George Canning(Tory)1827–1827 Viscount Goderich(Tory)1827–1828 Duke of Wellington(Tory)1828–1830 Earl Grey(Whig)1830–1834 Viscount Melbourne(Whig)1834–1834 Sir Robert Peel(Tory)1834–1835 Viscount Melbourne(Whig)1835–1841 Sir Robert Peel(Tory)1841–1846 Earl Russell(Whig)1846–1852 Earl of Derby(Tory)1852–1852 Earl of Aberdeen(Coalition)1852–1855 Viscount Palmerston(Liberal)1855–1858 Earl of Derby(Conservative)1858–1859 Viscount Palmerston(Liberal)1859–1865 Earl Russell(Liberal)1865–1866 Earl of Derby(Conservative)1866–1868 Benjamin Disraeli(Conservative)1868–1868 William E. Gladstone(Liberal)1868–1874 Benjamin Disraeli(Conservative)1874–1880 William E. Gladstone(Liberal)1880–1885 Marquis of Salisbury(Conservative)1885–1886 William E. Gladstone(Liberal)1886–1886 Marquis of Salisbury(Conservative)1886–1892 William E. Gladstone(Liberal)1892–1894 Earl of Rosebery(Liberal)1894–1895 Marquis of Salisbury(Conservative)1895–1902 Arthur James Balfour(Conservative)1902–1905 Sir H. Campbell- Bannerman(Liberal)1905–1908 Herbert H. Asquith(Liberal)1908–1915 Herbert H. Asquith(Coalition)1915–1916 David Lloyd George(Coalition)1916–1922 Andrew Bonar Law(Conservative)1922–1923 Stanley Baldwin(Conservative)1923–1924 James Ramsay MacDonald(Labour)1924–1924 Stanley Baldwin(Conservative)1924–1929 James Ramsay MacDonald(Labour)1929–1931 James Ramsay MacDonald(Coalition)1931–1935 Stanley Baldwin(Coalition)1935–1937 Neville Chamberlain(Coalition)1937–1940 Winston Churchill(Coalition)1940–1945 Clement R. Attlee(Labour)1945–1951 Sir Winston Churchill(Conservative)1951–1955 Sir Anthony Eden(Conservative)1955–1957 Harold Macmillan(Conservative)1957–1963 Sir Alec Frederick Douglas-Home (Conservative) 1963–1964 Harold Wilson(Labour)1964–1970 Edward Heath(Conservative)1970–1974 Harold Wilson(Labour)1974–1976 James Callaghan(Labour)1976–1979 Margaret Thatcher(Conservative)1979–1990 John Major(Conservative)1990–1997 Tony Blair(Labour)1997–2007 Gordon Brown(Labour)2007–2010 David Cameron(Coalition)2010–

Austria: Rulers Emperors Franz I, last Holy Roman Emperor, first Emperor of Austria (1804–1835) Ferdinand I(1835–1848) Franz Joseph I(1848–1916) Karl I, last emperor of Austria (1916–1918) PresidentsFranz Dinghofer, Johann Nepomuk Hauser, and Karl Seitz, directory of the Council of State (1918–1919) Karl Seitz, president of the Constituent National Assembly (1919–1920) Michael Hainisch(1920–1928) Wilhelm Miklas (1928–1938) Karl Renner(1945–1950) Leopold Figl (1950–1951) Theodor Körner (1951–1957) Julius Raab, acting (1957) Adolf Schärf (1957–1965) Josef Klaus, acting (1965) Franz Jonas(1965–1974) Bruno Kreisky, acting (1974) Rudolf Kirchschläger (1974–1986) Kurt Waldheim(1986–1992) Thomas Klestil (1992–2004) Heinz Fischer (2004–

Rulers of England and Great Britain Find the name, birth date, and the number of years each monarch ruled England and Great Britain. NameBornRuled1 SAXONS2 Egbert3c. 775802–839 Ethelwulf?839–858 Ethelbald?858–860 Ethelbert?860–865 Ethelred I?865–871 Alfred the Great849871–899 Edward the Elderc. 870899–924 Athelstan895924–939 Edmund I the Deed-doer921939–946 Edredc. 925946–955 Edwy the Fairc. 943955–959 Edgar the Peaceful943959–975 Edward the Martyrc. 962975–978 Ethelred II the Unready968978–1016 Edmund II Ironsidec. 9931016 DANES Canute9951016–1035 Harold I Harefootc.10161035–1040 Hardecanutec.10181040–1042 SAXONS Edward the Confessorc.10041042–1066 Harold IIc.10201066 HOUSE OF NORMANDY William I the Conqueror10271066–1087 William II Rufusc.10561087–1100 Henry I Beauclerc10681100–1135 Stephen of Boulognec.11001135–1154 HOUSE OF PLANTAGENET Henry II11331154–1189 Richard I Coeur de Lion11571189–1199 John Lackland11671199–1216 Henry III12071216–1272 Edward I Longshanks12391272–1307 Edward II12841307–1327 Edward III13121327–1377 Richard II13671377–13994 HOUSE OF LANCASTER Henry IV Bolingbroke13671399–1413 Henry V13871413–1422 Henry VI14211422–14615 HOUSE OF YORK Edward IV14421461–14835 Edward V14701483–1483 Richard III14521483–1485 HOUSE OF TUDOR Henry VII14571485–1509 Henry VIII14911509–1547 Edward VI15371547–1553 Jane (Lady Jane Grey)615371553–1553 Mary I(“Bloody Mary”)15161553–1558 Elizabeth I15331558–1603 HOUSE OF STUART James I715661603–1625 Charles I16001625–1649 COMMONWEALTH Council of State—1649–1653 Oliver Cromwell815991653–1658 Richard Cromwell816261658–16599 RESTORATION OF HOUSE OF STUART Charles II16301660–1685 James II16331685–168810 William III1116501689–1702 Mary II1116621689–1694 Anne16651702–1714 HOUSE OF HANOVERGeorge I 1660 ... HOUSE OF SAXE-COBURG12 Edward VII18411901–1910 HOUSE OF WINDSOR12 George V18651910–1936 Edward VIII1894193613 George VI18951936–1952 Elizabeth II19261952– 1. Year of end of rule is also that of death, unless otherwise indicated. 2. Dates for Saxon kings are still controversial. 3. Became king of West Saxons in 802; considered (from 828) first king of all England. 4. Died 1400. 5. Henry VI reigned again briefly 1470–1471. 6. Nominal queen for 9 days; not counted as queen by some authorities. She was beheaded in 1554. 7. Ruled in Scotland as James VI (1567–1625). 8. Lord Protector. 9. Died 1712. 10. Died 1701. 11. Joint rulers (1689–1694). 12. Name changed from Saxe-Coburg to Windsor in 1917. 13. Was known after his abdication as the Duke of Windsor, died 1972.

Australia: Prime Ministers Prime Ministers Edmund Barton(1901–1903) Alfred Deakin(1903–1904, 1905–1908, 1909–1910) John Christian Watson (1904) George Huston Reid (1904–1905) Andrew Fisher(1908–1909, 1910–1913, 1914–1915) Joseph Cook(1913–1914) William Morris Hughes(1915–1923) Stanley Melbourne Bruce(1923–1929) James Henry Scullin (1929–1932) Joseph Aloysius Lyons(1932–1939) Sir Earle Page, acting (1939) Robert Gordon Menzies(1939–1941, 1949–1966) Arthur William Fadden (1941) John Curtin(1941–1945) Francis Michael Forde (1945) Joseph Benedict Chifley (1945–1949) Harold Holt(1966–1967) John McEwen (1967–1968) John Grey Gorton (1968–1971) William McMahon (1971–1972) Gough Whitlam(1972–1975) Malcolm Fraser (1975–1983) Robert J. Hawke(1983–1991) Paul Keating(1991–1996) John Howard(1996– )

Africa: Rulers (part 2 of 2): Selected Rulers from Other African Nations (alphabetical by last name) *. Ahmadou Ahidjo, president of the United Republic of Cameroon (1960–82) *. Pietro Badoglio, governor of Tripolitania (Libya) (1929–33) *. Italo Balbo, governor-general of Libya (1933–40) *. Hastings Kamuzu Banda, African political leader, president of Malawi (1966–94) *. Zine el-Abidine Ben Ali, president of Tunisia (1987–) *. Ahmed Ben Bella, Algerian Prime Minister (1962–63), president (1962–65) *. Jean Bedel Bokassa, president of Central African Republic (1966–79) *. Houari Boumedienne, president and prime minister of Algeria (1965–78) *. Ketchwayo Cetshwayo, king of the Zulus (1872–79) *. David Dacko, president of the Central African Republic (1960–66, 1979–81) *. Moktar Ould Daddah, president of Mauritania (1961–78) *. José Eduardo Dos Santos, Angolan president (1979–) *. Félix Éboué, commissioner-General of French Congo and French Equatorial Africa (1941–44) *. Gnassingbé Eyadéma, president of Togo (1967–) *. Yakubu Gowon, Nigerian head of state (1966–75) *. Rodolfo Graziani, Marchese Di Neghelli, governor of Cyrenaica, Libya (1930–34), Governor-General (1940–41) *. Teshafi Teezaz Aklilu Habte-Wold, prime minister of Ethiopia (1961–74) *. Félix Houphouët- Boigny, African political leader, president (1960–93) of Côte d'Ivoire. *. Idris I, king of Libya (1951–69) *. Joseph Leabua Jonathan, prime minister of Lesotho (1965–86) *. Jugurtha, king of Numidia (118–106B.C.) *. Kenneth David Kaunda, African political leader, president of Zambia (1964–91) *. Jomo Kenyatta, African political leader, first president of Kenya (1964–78) *. Khama, chief of the Bamangwato people of Bechuanaland (now Botswana) (1875–1923?) *. Sir Seretse Khama, president of Botswana (1966–80) *. Seyni Kountché, president of Niger(1974–87) *. Hilla Limann, president of Ghana (1979–81) *. Lobengula, king of Matabeleland (now in Zimbabwe) (1870–93) *. Samora Machel, president of Mozambique (1975–86) *. Sir Milton Margai, prime minister of Sierra Leone (1961–64) *. Mengistu Haile Mariam, president of Ethiopia (1987–91) *. Masinissa, king of Numidia (c. 238 – 148?B.C.) *. Menelik II, emperor of Ethiopia after 1889 *. Pierre Messmer, high commissioner of French Congo and French Equatorial Africa (1958) *. Daniel T. arap Moi, president of Kenya (1978–) *. Robert Gabriel Mugabe, president of Zimbabwe (1987–) *. Mutesa I, kabaka, or king, of Buganda (now in Uganda), c.1857–84 *. Agostinho Neto, first president of independent Angola (1975–79) *. Francisco Macias Nguema, first president of Equatorial Guinea (1968–79) *. Kwame Nkrumah, African political leader, prime minister (1957–60) and president (1960–66) of Ghana *. Julius Kambarage Nyerere, African political leader, first president (1964–85) of Tanzania *. Apollo Milton Obote, president of Uganda (1966–71, 1980–85) *. Sylvanus Olympio, African political leader, president of Togo (1961–63) *. Muammar Al-Qaddafi, de facto Libyan Head of State (1969–) *. Radama I, founder of the kingdom of Madagascar *. Denis Sassou- Nguesso, Congolese army officer and president of the Congo (Brazzaville) (1979–92, 1997–) *. Haile Selassie, emperor of Ethiopia (1930–74) *. Léopold Sédar Senghor, African statesman and poet, president (1960–80) of the republic of Senegal *. Alhaji Shehu Shagari, president of Nigeria (1979–83) *. Shaka, paramount chief (1818–28) of the Zulus *. Ian D. Smith, prime minister of Southern Rhodesia (now Zimbabwe) (1964–65), prime minister of Rhodesia (1965–79) *. Sobhuza II, king of Swaziland (1921–82) *. Siaka Probyn Stevens, president of Sierra Leone (1971–85) *. Tewodros II, emperor of Ethiopia (1855–68) *. William Richard Tolbert, Jr., president of Liberia (1971–80) *. Ahmed Sékou Touré, African political leader, president (1958–84) of the republic of Guinea *. Philibert Tsiranana, president of the Malagasy Republic (now Madagascar) (1960–72) *. William Vacanarat Shadrach Tubman, president of Liberia (1944–71) *. Maxime Weygand, Algerian Governor-General (1941) *. Fulbert Youlou, first president of the Congo (Brazzaville) (1960–63)