Diseases caused by Vitamin Deficiency..... Deficiency Diseases Vitamin Ariboflavinosis Vitamin B2 (Riboflavin) Anemia Vitamin B6 Beriberi Vitamin B1 (Thiamine) Biotin Vitamin B7 (Biotin) Bleeding disease Vitamin K Color-blindness Vitamin A Conjunctivitis Vitamins A, B2, C (B6, Zinc) Hypocobalaminemia Vitamin B12 Keratomalacia Vitamin A Night Blindness Vitamin A Pellagra Vitamin B3 (Niacin) Paraesthesia Vitamin B5 Photophobia Vitamin B2 Rickets Vitamin D Osteomalacia Vitamin D Scurvy Vitamin C

Measurement Device: Device Used for Measuring Anemometer Speed of Wind Actinometer Heating power of radiation, solar radiation Ammeter Electric current in a circuit Audiometer Hearing loss Bolometer Power of incident electromagnetic radiation Barometer Atmospheric pressure Cathetometer Vertical distances Densimeter Specific gravity of liquids Dynamometer Force or torque Densitometer Optical density of a photographic film Electroencephalograph Electrical activity of the brain Electrocardiograph Electrical activity of the heart Elaeometer Specific gravity of oils Galvanometer Electricity Hydrometer Specific gravity of liquids Hygrometer Density of water in air Lactometer Specific gravity of milk Lysimeter Balance of water in soil Magnetometer Strength of magnetic fields Manometer Pressure Plastometer Flow properties of plastic materials Polarimetry Polarization of transverse waves, electromagnetic waves Spirometer Volume of air Spectrometer Properties of light in a specific portion of electromagnetic spectrum Seismometers Movement of Earth Surface Sphygmomanometer Blood pressure Thermometer Temperature Tensiometer Surface tensionof liquids Viscometer Viscosity of a fluid Voltmeter Electric potential, voltage

Abbreviations and Acronyms...... AICTEAll India Council for Technical Education AIDSAcquired Immune Deficiency Syndrom AIIMSAll India Institute of Medical Science APECAsia Pacific Economic Cooperation ASCIIAmerican Standard Code for Informa­tion Interchange ASEANAssociation of South East Asian Nations ATMAutomated Teller Machine BIOSBasic Input Output System BPOBusiness Process Outsourcing CDACCentre for the Development of Ad­vanced Computing CDMACode Division Multiple Access CPWDCentral Public Works Department CTBTComprehensive Test Ban Treaty DNADeoxyribo Nucleic Acid DTPDesktop Publishing E-MAILElectronic Mailing EPABXElectronic Private Automatic Branch Exchange FICCIFederation of Indian Chambers of Commerce and Industry FIRFirst Information Report GMTGreenwich Mean Time GPRSGeneral Packet Radio System GPSGlobal Positioning System GSLVGeosynchronous Satellite Launch Vehicle GSMGlobal System for Mobile Communications HIVHuman Immunodeficiency Virus HTMLHypertext Transfer Protocol IBMInternational Business Machines IEEEInstitute of Electronics and Electrical Engineers IMAXImage Maximum ILOInternational Labour Organization IPInternet Protocol ISBNInternational Standard Book Number ISDNIntegrated Services Digital Network ISOInternational Standards Organization ISROIndian Space Research Organization JPEGJoint Photographic Experts Group LASERLight Amplification by Stimulated Emission of Radiation LCDLiquid Crystal Display MICRMagnetic Ink Character Recognition MODEMModulator Demodulator MPEGMotion Picture Experts Group NALCONational Aluminum Company Ltd. NASANational Aeronautics and Space Administration NASDAQNational Association of Securities Dealers Automated Quotation NASSCOMNational Association of Software and Service Companies NATONorth Atlantic Treaty Organization OPECOrganization of Petroleum Exporting Countries PANPermanent Account Number PINPostal Index Number RADARRadio Detecting and Ranging RAMRandom Access Memory SEBISecurities and Exchange Board of India TINTax Information Network UGCUniversity Grants Commission UNESCOUnited Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization UNICEFUnited Nations Children's Fund URLUniform Resource Locator VSATVery Small Aperture Terminals WHOWorld Health Organization WLLWireless in Local Loop WWFWorld Wildlife Fund WWWWorld Wide Web WYSIWYGWhat you see is what you get XMLExtensible Mark-up Language ZIPZone Improvement Plan

Person That recognized as Father/Mother of a subjects...... •Father of Microscopy Antonie Philips van Leeuwenhoek •Father of Western Medicine Hippocrates •Father of Internet Vint Cerf •Father of the American Constitution James Madison •Father of the Indian Constitution Dr. B.R. Ambedkar •Father of Humanism Francesco Petrarca •Father of Geometry Euclid of Alexandria •Father of New France Samuel de Champlain •Father of Genetics Gregor Mendel •Father of the Green Revolution Norman Ernest Borlaug •Father of the Green Revolution in IndiaM.S Swaminathan •Father of Scientific Management Frederick Winslow Taylor •Father of Biology Aristotle •Father of Evolution Charles Darwin •Father of Microbiology Antonie van Leeuwenhoek •Father of Nuclear Chemistry Otto Hahn •Father of Periodic Table Dmitri Mendeleev •Father of modern Medicine Hippocrates •Father of Modern Physics Galileo Galilei •Father of Modern Astronomy Nicolaus Copernicus •Father of Nuclear Physics Ernest Rutherford •Father of Nuclear Science Marie Curie and Pierre Curie •Father of Computer Science George Boole and Alan Turing •Father of American Football Walter Camp •Father of Walter Camp Geoffrey Chaucer •Father ofmodern Olympic Pierre De Coubertin •Father of of Numbers Pythagoras •Father of Botany Theophrastus •Father of Electricity Benjamin Franklin •Father of Electonics Michael Faraday •Father of Television Vladimir K. Zworykin •Father of Telephone Alexander Graham Bell •Father of Mobile Phone Martin Cooper •Father of Laptop Bill Moggridge •Father of Psychology Sigmund Freud •Father of Surgery Sushruta •Father of Plastic Surgery Sir Harold Gillies •Father of Ayurveda Dhanwantari

Some interesting facts about English Language and Words: Ø"Forty" is the only number which has its letters in alphabetical order. "One" is the only number with its letters in reverse alphabetical order. ØOf all the words in the English language, the word ' set ' has the most definitions! ØOn reversing the words they spell the same: “Malayalam”, “Liril” and “Madam”. Ø“Stewardesses” is the longest word that is typed with only the left hand. ØNo word in the English language rhymes with month. Ø"Dreamt" is the only English word that ends in the letters "mt". Ø"Underground" is the only word in the English language that begins and ends with the letters "und." ØOnly 3 words in the English language end in "ceed": "proceed," "exceed," and "succeed." ØOf all the languages in the world, English has the largest vocabulary about 800,000 words. ØThe longest word in the English language, according to the Oxford English Dictionary, is pneumonoultramicroscopicsilicovolcanokoniosis. The only other word with the same amount of letters is pneumonoultra-microscopicsilicovolcanoconioses, its plural. Ø"Widow" is the only female form in the English language that is shorter than its corresponding male term ("widower"). ØNo language has more synonyms than English. ØThe most common letters in English are R S T L N E. Ø"Go." is the shortest complete sentence in the English language. ØThe only word in English dictionary that sums up exactly 100 is “attitude”. ØThe sentence "The quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog." uses every letter in the alphabet. ØThe longest one syllable word in the English language is “screeched”. ØNo word in the English language rhymes with month, orange, silver, and purple. Ø"Underground" is the only word in the English language that begins and ends with the letters "und." Ø"The sixth sick sheik's sixth sheep's sick" is said to be the toughest tongue twister in English. Ø"Four" is the only number whose number of letters in the name equals the number. The letter most in use in the English language is "E" and the letter "Q" is least used. ØThere is only one word in the English language with thee consecutive pairs of double letter.... Bookkeeper ØThere are only four words in the English language which end in"-dous": tremendous, horrendous, stupendous, and hazardous. ØThere is a seven letter word in the English language that contains ten words without rearranging any of its letters, "therein": the, there, he, in, rein, her, here, here, ere, therein, herein. ØA sentence that contains all 26 letters of the alphabet is called a "pangram". ØA dot over the letter “i” is called a TITTLE. ØNo words in the English language rhyme with orange, silver or purple. ØThe only 15 letter word that can be spelled without repeating a letter is "uncopyrightable." ØThere is a seven letter word in the English language that contains ten words without rearranging any of its letters, "therein": the, there, he, in, rein, her, here, ere, therein, herein. ØThere are two words in the English language that have all five vowels in order: "abstemious" and "facetious." ØThe word "queue" is the only word in the English language that is still pronounced the same way when the last four letters are removed. ØOnly two English words in current use end in "-gry". They are "angry" and "hungry". ØThe word "triskaidekaphobia" means "fear of Friday the 13th". It also means "superstition about the number thirteen" in general. ØMore English words begin with the letter "s" than with any other letter. ØNo word in the English language rhymes with month, orange, silver, or purple. Ø"Rhythms" is the longest English word without the normal vowels, a, e, i, o, or u. ØThere is a word in the English language with only one vowel, which occurs five times: "indivisibility." ØThe shortest word in the English language with all its letters in alphabetical order is the word "almost." ØThe letter most in use in the English language is "E" and the letter "Q" is least used. ØOut of all the eight letter words in the English language, only one has only one vowel in it: "strength"