"Family Nobel Laureates": As you may notice, the Curies were a very successful'Nobel Prize family'. Marie Curie herself was awarded two Nobel Prizes. Read more about Marie and Pierre Curie and the Discovery of Polonium and Radium. Married couples Marie Curie Pierre Curie Irène Joliot-Curie Frédéric Joliot Gerty Cori Carl Cori Alva Myrdal Gunnar Myrdal Mother&daughter Marie Curie Irène Joliot-Curie Father&daughter Pierre Curie Irène Joliot-Curie Father&son William Bragg Lawrence Bragg Niels Bohr Aage N. Bohr Hans von Euler-Chelpin Ulf von Euler Arthur Kornberg Roger D. Kornberg Manne Siegbahn Kai M. Siegbahn J. J. Thomson George Paget Thomson Brothers Jan Tinbergen Nikolaas Tinbergen

Posthumous Nobel Prizes: From 1974, theStatutesof the Nobel Foundation stipulate that a Prize cannot be awarded posthumously, unless death has occurred after the announcement of the Nobel Prize. Before 1974, the Nobel Prize has only been awarded posthumously twice: to Dag Hammarskjöld(Nobel Peace Prize 1961) andErik Axel Karlfeldt (Nobel Prize in Literature 1931). Following the 2011 announcement of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine, it was discovered that one of the Medicine Laureates, Ralph Steinman, had passed away three days earlier. The Board of the Nobel Foundation examined the statutes, and an interpretation of the purpose of the rule above lead tothe conclusion that Ralph Steinman shouldcontinueto remain aNobelLaureate, as the Nobel Assembly at Karolinska Institutet had announced the 2011 Nobel Laureates in Physiology or Medicine without knowing of his death.

Multiple Nobel Laureates: The work of the International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC) has been honoured by a Nobel Peace Prize three times. Besides, the founder of the ICRC, Henry Dunant, was awarded the first Nobel Peace Prize in 1901. Linus Pauling is the only person to have been awarded two unshared Nobel Prizes - the 1954 Nobel Prize in Chemistry and the 1962 Nobel Peace Prize. J. BardeenM. CurieL. Pauling Physics 1956 Physics 1972 Physics 1903 Chemistry 1911 Chemistry 1954 Peace 1962 F. SangerICRCUNHCR Chemistry 1958 Chemistry 1980 Peace 1917 Peace 1944 Peace 1963 Peace 1954 Peace 1981

Three Nobel Laureates Have Been under Arrest at the Time of the Award: German pacifist and journalistCarl von Ossietzky Burmese politicianAung San Suu Kyi Chinese human rights activistLiu Xiaobo

Forced to Decline the Nobel Prize! Four Nobel Laureates have been forced by authorities to decline the Nobel Prize. Adolf Hitler forbade three German Nobel Laureates, Richard Kuhn,Adolf ButenandtandGerhard Domagk, from accepting the Nobel Prize. All of them could later receive the Nobel Prize Diploma and Medal, but not the prize amount. Boris Pasternak, the 1958 Nobel Laureate in Literature, initially accepted the Nobel Prize but was later coerced by the authorities of the Soviet Union, his native country, to decline the Nobel Prize.